Susan Eastman held
out her hands to indicate the vast sweep of water that makes up Reard
an Pond. “The number of birds that stop here each
year is incredible,” she said. “You
should see the white swans gliding through the water.”
Susan and her husband, Rod, purchased the
property years ago as an investment for their retirement. Living in Reardan, Susan came to love the
property for its scenic beauty and the birds that frequent the 80-acre
pond.
Now a widow, Susan must sell the land, but she wants the pond to
remain undisturbed. She pointed out the
reedy marshland, the shallow flats near the shoreline, and the grassy
banks. “There’s so much food and
nesting ground for them here. I
couldn’t bear to see that destroyed. It
means too much to the birds and to Reardan,” Susan said.
The 240 acres are already platted for a
dozen houses and a new road, “Audubon Lane.”
If developed, several of the new home sites would own a sliver of the
pond. Fences, dogs, boats, and people
would break up the peace and tranquility currently enjoyed by the birds. Lawn fertilizers and driveway runoff could
contaminate the pond and alter its flora and fauna. Reardan Pond would be just another sliced up private pond instead
of an outstanding oasis for migratory birds.
After a site visit and unanimous
endorsement by its board, Inland Northwest Land Trust recently purchased an
option to buy Reardan Pond from Susan Eastman.
INLT has until March 15, 2004, to come up with $50,000 in order to
extend the option for two more years.
That will give INLT time to raise the rest of the money to purchase the
property or find an appropriate conservation buyer. “A generous donor gave INLT the $1,000 we offered Susan for the
option,” said INLT Executive Director Chris DeForest. “Susan has agreed to keep her land off the market until March
while we look for funds, have the land appraised, and negotiate the deal.”
INLT is seeking contributions from
individuals and organizations, including the local Audubon Society. INLT is looking for grants from businesses
and foundations as well as working with government agencies that might be
interested in acquiring the property.
“We haven’t yet decided who will own Reardan Pond in the end. One thing we do know is that it has to be
and will be permanently protected,” Chris said.
Save reaRdan pond - HOW
YOU CAN HELP
You may send
tax-deductible contributions to help purchase Reardan Pond to Inland Northwest
Land Trust, 35 W. Main Ave., Suite 210, Spokane, WA 99201. Please make your check payable to INLT and
write “Reardan” in the memo section of the check. Money raised for the Reardan project will go into the INLT
Special Projects Fund. Any money not
used to acquire the Reardan Pond will be restricted to projects that
permanently protect the foremost open spaces, waters, and vital habitats in
eastern Washington and northern Idaho.
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Audubon Members make a difference
2003 YARD LIST CHALLENGE
This
year, we had 8 households report a total of 109 species. The median list size was
46 species. The challenge in 2002 yielded 121 species. Ten species were
reported this year from all 8 participants (Canada Goose, Calliope Hummingbird,
Northern Flicker, Black-capped Chickadee, American Robin, Song Sparrow,
Dark-eyed Junco, Cassin's Finch, House Finch, Pine Siskin, and Evening
Grosbeak). And 31 species were reported from only a single household. As usual,
the largest lists came from yards on or near the water. Highlights were Common
Loon (Shirley), American White Pelican (Lori), and Harlequin Duck (Lisa).
Tweety-bird highlights included Kris' American
Redstart, Lori's American Tree Sparrow, and Janet's Black-capped Chickadee.
The
Warings had both Blue Jay and a Steller's X Blue hybrid. Cooper's Hawks made an
appearance in town in Lynn's and the Waring's yards, while Jan recorded the
only Merlin. Lori had all three nuthatches, and Jan and Kris had all three
chickadees. Janet had a clean sweep of the finch family. As a group, we tallied
a respectable seven species of ducks, and nine birds of prey.
This is
the fourth year of the annual Yardlist Challenge, and we added 6 new species
never reported before: Harlequin Duck, Gray Partridge, American Redstart,
American Tree Sparrow, Lazuli Bunting, and Yellow-headed Blackbird. This brings
our grand total for four years to 156 species. Of those, 95 have been seen
every year, but only 2 species have been recorded by all participants every
year (Northern Flicker, American Robin). Of our 156 species grand total, 30
have been seen in only one year, or about 19%. Some of these
"singletons" are due to one-time participants who represent different
habitats.
This
year's participants: Kris & Ed Buchler, Janet Callen, Lisa Hardy, Lori
Stackow, Jan & Herb Severtson, Lynn Sheridan, Shirley Sturts, Judy &
Phil Waring.
Go to tables for complete
data
January Board Meeting Decisions
$200 was donated
to Reardan Pond Restoration Fund (See article above
A Susan Weller
Memorial Scholarship was established.
An initial gift of $500 (to be split between semesters) will cover a
portion of tuition and fees for one North Idaho College recipient. This will be
awarded for the 2004-05 school year. The scholarship is to go to a student
interested in pursuing a degree in 1) Environmental Science, 2) Biology,
Botany, Zoology, or 3) Forestry/Wildlife/Range/Wild land Recreational
Management.
An honorarium of $250 was presented to Denver Holt of the
Owl Research Institute in Montana, for doing the Snowy Owl Program for our
January meeting.
RARE
FEEDER BIRD
Photograph by
Tom Davenport
Nancy Mertz has a Blue Jay, 2 Steller's Jays and 2 Blue Jays x Steller's
Jays - hybrid coming daily to her feeder. The Steller's Jay is a common
resident in North Idaho. It appears the
Blue Jay is expanding its range. There
have been numerous recent sightings of the Blue Jay, an eastern species, in the
western states. Birders have not found
a nest to document that the Blue Jay has nested in the Coeur d'Alene area. However, Blue Jays and hybrids have been
seen in our area since 1998 and there is a good possibility that they have
nested by pairing up with the Steller's Jay.
Great Backyard
Bird Count
February 13-16, 2004
The "Great
Backyard Bird Count" GBBC is a fun, citizen science joint project of the
National Audubon and Cornell Lab of Ornithology and sponsored by Birds
Unlimited. To participate and learn
more, go to: www.birdsource.org, where you can enter your own bird
counts and view maps and data from past years.
Statistics from 2003: 48,346
checklists reported, 512 species counted, and 2,233,327 individual birds
were reported.
The Big
Sit! Report
The Big Sit! 2004
Mark your new
calendar with the date for the 2004 Big Sit! It's going to be held on Sunday,
October 10, 2004.
A Record-Setting Big Sit!
It was a
record-setting Big Sit in 2003! We had a record number of Big Sit circles--a
total of 159 were registered prior to the Sit. At least 105 of these circles
actually sat, but every circle did not send in results.
See the results on:
(http://www.birdwatchersdigest.com/bigsit.html).
WILD
BIRDS UNLIMITED
(A Reminder)
Wild
Birds Unlimited at 296 W. Sunset Ave. #22, Coeur d'Alene, is donating 10% of
their sales from Audubon members to our Audubon Chapter. When you go there be sure to identify
yourself as an Audubon member so that our chapter gets credit.
Thank you Irv and
Helen Stephenson, owners of Wild
Birds Unlimited, for your contribution to our chapter and for providing quality
bird products and friendly service.
"If I were to make a
study of the tracks of animals and represent them by plates, I should conclude
with the tracks of man"
Henry David
Thoreau
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of Page
GULL TRIP
DETOUR
Shirley Sturts
Photographed
by Wayne Tree
It was the possible sighting of a Snowy Owl on the junction
of Huetter Road and Hayden Avenue by Eula Hickam that turned our advertised
gull field trip into an owl search.
The Snowy Owl and the flock of Snow Bunting that Eula found on January
22nd were not located.
However, the sun came out and the prairie with its newly fallen blanket
of snow was alive with birds.
Our first bird
stop on Huetter Road between Prairie and Hayden Avenue produced a Western
Meadowlark. Then Janet noticed some
interesting sparrows in the nearby bushes.
These turned out to be three American Tree Sparrow, a bird of the far
north that spends the winter in southern Canada and as far south as Central
United States.
The American
Tree Sparrow is considered scarce in North Idaho. It is found most winters but usually just a single bird is
found. While Janet was tracking down
the sparrow, a life bird for her, others were
training their scopes on some Gallinaceous birds seen
moving around in a nearby field. The
final count came out 7 Gray Partridge, 40+ California Quail and 3 Ring-necked
Pheasant. What a way to start a field
trip!
After checking
out the airport for the Snowy Owl, we headed for Lancaster Road hoping to find
Eula's flock of Snow Bunting. On our
way, we spotted a Northern Rough-legged Hawk having a problem with two Common
Raven over who should get to eat the hawk's prey he had just taken. We were distracted from this drama by the
sight of a Peregrine Falcon flying over the field ahead of us. A few minutes later we were admiring this
same magnificent falcon on the arm of its owner. It was eating a pigeon provided by Jim Cook, a long time
falconer. Jim told us his bird was a 14-year-old female, which he had raised
from "chickhood" and was imprinted on him. We continued to bird adding 7 Red-tailed Hawk, 1 American
Kestrel, 14 Mourning Dove, 3 Northern Flicker and the usual assortment
passerines.
For four of us
the half-day birding trip turned into a full day. We had lunch at Mike's Coeur d'Alene Café on Sherman and then
headed for Independence Point to look for unusual gulls. A Thayer's Gull had been seen there on
Tuesday during the Brown Bag Birding outing.
This time we puzzled over a small gull that we eventually identified as
a 2nd year Mew Gull.
Immature gulls are especially difficult to identify, some not reaching
their adult plumage for 3 or 4 years.
Their plumage during these successive stages can vary depending on age,
molt, feather wear and individual variation.
Our bird looked very similar to the Ring-billed Gull that it was feeding
with. It was slightly smaller in body
size and the bill appeared to be slightly slimmer. What convinced us that it was a Mew Gull and not a Ring-billed
Gull was its darker mantle, blue-gray bill with a solid black tip, blue-gray
legs, dark brown eye and wings with no white primary tips. The tail was white with just a few black
marks on the outer edges. The first
winter bird has a black band on the end of the tail and in the adult plumage
the tail is all white. It also sounded
different than its Ring-billed companions.
All the other gulls we found here and along the beach at NIC were
Ring-billed, California and Herring Gulls.
The Herring are here only in the wintertime. Ring-billed and California Gulls are found in North Idaho year
around. However, none of the North
Idaho gulls nest here.
There were many
Mallard and Canada Goose feeding in the water and on shore. A few Bufflehead and Common Merganser were
busy diving for food. Eleven
Double-crested Cormorant adorned a favorite piling of theirs off the NIC
Beach. As we headed for home, not to be
out done by the larger birds, twelve or so Pygmy Nuthatch flew back and forth
across the road, feeding in the
Ponderosa Pine trees that line Rosenberry Drive.
Thank you for
joining me: Janet Callen, Roland Craft, Bill Gundlach, Lisa Hardy, and Lynn
Sheridan
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of Page
EINSTEIN, A VERY SPECIAL MAGPIE
Judy Hoy, Bitterroot Wildlife Rehabilitation Center
Fuertes' Eastern Bird Collection
I run a wildlife rehabilitation center and often care for
injured or orphaned Black-billed Magpies. Many people dislike magpies, but I
find them to be not only one of the most intelligent, but also one of the
prettiest Montana birds. When their feathers are in good condition, the black
shines turquoise blue. When the sun hits the blue-black feathers, they shine
with rainbow colors, caused by the oil the birds spread on their feathers to
make them waterproof. Magpies are always doing something, usually something
interesting to anyone intrigued with bird behavior. This is a true story of a
magpie, which exhibited many traits that are commonly referred to as “human
traits”, including a high level of intelligence, even for a magpie.
The hero of
this story is a young Black-billed Magpie which I named Einstein. I do not know
whether juvenile magpies are male or female, so I usually give masculine names
to all magpies which are brought to me for care. Einstein was exceptional from
the beginning of our relationship because he brought himself for care. He was
newly fledged from one of the magpie nests on our property in the Bitterroot
Valley in western Montana. Soon after he learned to fly, he became ill.
I first noticed
Einstein sitting on the roof of our front porch looking bedraggled and fluffed up. These were sure signs that he was ill. He may have become ill from
eating a steady diet of sour cherries. In retrospect, I guess I should have
named him Cherry Pie. His parents had taken cherries from our trees to feed
their babies while they were still in the nest. After the young magpies learned
to fly, they would fly to the tree and eat cherries until they were full. After
a brief rest, they would fly around the yard talking magpie talk to each other
and harassing other birds, especially the robins that also enjoyed feasting on
cherries.
Hoping that
more nutritious food was what Einstein needed, I began to throw small mice and chunks
of dog food up on the roof for him. He ate the food I gave him, but still, he
became weaker and weaker. After several days, I found him in the early morning
sitting on the porch steps looking more bedraggled than ever and too weak to
fly. I picked him up, deloused him, gave him some antibiotics and put him in a
box where he would be warm and comfortable. I gave him all the mice and dog
food that he would eat plus vitamins every day. In two or three days, he looked
much better and was eating well. Assuming that he had internal parasites, which
most birds do, I dewormed Einstein with Ivermectin. After that he began gaining
weight and strength even faster. A bath and a few good preenings returned his
black feathers to their rainbow sheen and his white feathers to their
immaculately clean white. He proved that he was feeling much better by poking
holes in the sides of the cardboard box which had served as his recovery room,
apparently hoping to escape. While
Einstein was recovering, two more starving fledgling magpies were brought to me
for care and rehabilitation. Although they were siblings, one was somewhat
larger and healthier than the other. I called the larger one, Magnum Pie and
the smaller one, Little Pie.
When Einstein
began taking his recovery box apart, I concluded that he was trying to tell me
that he was well enough to be placed in an outdoor flight pen. By this time,
the little magpies were healthy enough to join him, since all that they had
needed for recovery were a few good meals and deworming. I hoped that by
watching Einstein pick up food and eat it, the little ones would learn to pick
up and eat their food rather than waiting for me to feed them. At regular
intervals all day, they would make loud insistent food calls and open their
mouths for me. I still had to put the food in their mouths since they had not
yet learned how to close their beaks on the food and eat it by themselves, a
feat which takes a bit of practice.
After two or
three days in the flight pen, Einstein and Magnum Pie were becoming a bit
rambunctious. Einstein especially indicated that he had had enough of captivity
by flying against the side of the pen looking for a way out. I didn’t want
either of them to damage their feathers so I released Einstein. He quickly
learned to come when I called him. I placed his food and water on the top of
the pen and he flew right to it without any coaxing.
Magnum Pie
settled down with only Little Pie for company, so I waited for two more days
before his release. Magnum Pie would come to me to be fed in the pen and he
could fly well so I took him out of the pen and placed him in the tree where
Einstein was perched. Magnum Pie and Einstein were ecstatic at being reunited
and celebrated by playing follow the leader around most of the pine trees in
the immediate area, with Einstein being the leader.
When it came
time to feed them, as evidenced by Magnum Pie food calling at extreme decibel
levels, he and Einstein flew to the top of the cottonwood tree closest to the pen.
Magnum Pie perched there looking down and screeching insistently, but
absolutely refused to come down close enough for me to feed him. He appeared to
assume that I would fly up into the treetop to feed him. Or possibly his taste
of freedom had rekindled his natural fear of humans. Either way, it was
apparent that Magnum Pie was going to have to be very hungry before he would
come down low enough for me to feed him. Einstein, as usual, flew down without
hesitation to the top of the pen and began to eat.
While I was trying to talk Magnum
Pie into coming to a lower branch, Einstein, who was busy eating, stopped,
looked up at Magnum Pie and suddenly picked up a large chunk of dog food. I
thought he was going to take it and hide it like magpies do. You can imagine my
surprise and delight when he flew up to Magnum Pie and put the dog food into
Magnum Pie’s gaping mouth. Magnum Pie ate the food and began squawking for
more, so Einstein flew down, picked up another chunk of food and fed that to
Magnum Pie also. This was repeated several more times until Magnum Pie was
full, or at least stopped food calling. Einstein then flew to the food dish,
ate a few more bites himself and they both flew off to the pine trees in the
creek bottom to rest and digest their full crops.
Every feeding
time for over a week, Einstein would eat a few bites, then feed Magnum Pie.
After that he would eat until his crop was full. When they were both satisfied,
off they would go to amuse themselves in the creek bottom. Finally, Magnum Pie
learned to go down and pick up his or possibly her own food. I released Little
Pie several days after I released Magnum Pie. He flew down to a branch right
beside me when I called him to be fed and learned in only two days of observing
the other two eat, to pick up food and eat by himself. Consequently, Einstein
was not presented with the opportunity to repeat his parenting performance with
Little Pie.
Immediately
after release, Little Pie joined the other two magpies in their games of chase,
tag and tease the robins. The three magpies remained friends and stayed
together all fall and winter. By spring, I could no longer tell them apart. Two
of the magpies which allowed me to come closer than other magpies and expected
food to appear when I approached, built a big covered basket-like nest and
fledged a new generation of six beautiful young, thus proving that at least one
of the original trio was a female. I do not know what happened to the odd
magpie out, but the pair lived happily ever after, like a real live fairy tale.
I have been
unable to find any other documented occurrence of juvenile magpies feeding
other magpies. How special this behavior is, I do not know. I do know that
Einstein was caring, compassionate and intelligent. He was very special magpie.
Top of Page
BROWN BAG BIRDING
January 20, 2004
Lynn Sheridan
Photograph by Shirley Sturts
Five of us gathered at
Independence Point on a cool, damp winter day: Shirley Sturts, Roland
Craft, Bill Gundlach, Dan Davis (recently moved from Orofino) and I, scanned
the gulls. Among the 30+ Ring-billed Gull we easily found 8 California
Gull. One gull had pink legs: Thayer's or Herring? A dark eye
"nailed" it as a Thayer's, in these 2 similar birds.
A couple of
limping Mallard, one with a silvery leg band were among the horde, which
included 6 Rock Pigeon. Afloat, 6 Bufflehead, a Red-necked Grebe and a Lesser
Scaup were added to our list.
Further along,
a small flock of Canada Goose flew off and gulls were splashing about.
Out on the lake were a Common Goldeneye female, 6 Double-crested Cormorant on piling
#37, a row of Common Merganser, and 9 Great Blue Heron hunched down on logs.
The college
beach had nothing unusual but 6 more Common Merganser. A tree search
produced: Pygmy Nuthatch, Common Crow, Northern Flicker and European Starling.
Back at the parking lot Bill spotted 2 small diving bodies: Pied-bill
Grebe.
Good show,
friends!!
Top of Page
observation Post
Shirley Sturts
Photograph by Jerry Hanson
2004
Kootenai County Big Year. The
chapter website list will be updated
weekly with the new birds being seen. Our total to date is 75
Observers:
Janet Allen (JALL), Kris Buchler (KBUC), Janet Callen (JCAL), Corinne Cameron
(CCAM), Leslie Covey (LCOV), Roland Craft (RCRA), Bill Gundlach (BGUN), LHAR),
Kathryn Henderson (KHEN), Eula Hickam (EHIC), Cindy Langlitz (CLAN), Nancy
Mertz (NMER), Jan and Herb Severtson (JSEV,HSEV), Shirley Sturts SSTU
Common
Loon
Jan. 26, Lake Shore Drive, CCAM)
Pied-billed
Grebe Jan. 20 City Beach, Brown Bag Birding
Horned
Grebe Jan. 28 Mica Bay, CDA Lake, Mica Bay Survey
Red-necked
Grebe
Jan. 1 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake, (
KBUC)
Double-crested
Cormorant
Jan. 20 off of NIC Beach on a piling, Brown Bag Birding
Great
Blue Heron
Jan. 1 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake, (KBUC)
Canada
Goose
Jan. 1 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake,
(KBUC
Tundra
Swan
Jan. 10 Turner Bay, CDA Lake, (LCOV)
Mallard Jan. 1 Wolf Lodge Bay/Lake Shore Drive, CDA Lake, (KBUC,
JCAL)
Northern
Pintail and
Green-winged
Teal
Jan. 5 Beauty Bay, CDA Lake, (CCAM)
Ring-necked
Duck
Jan. 28 Mica Bay, CDA Lake, Mica Bay Survey
Lesser
Scaup
Jan. 19 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake, ( KBUC,LHAR)
Bufflehead
and
Common
Goldeneye Jan. 1 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake, (KBUC)
Barrow's
Goldeneye
Jan. 3 Spirit Lake CBC (KBUC,RCRA.BGUN)
Hooded
Merganser
Jan. 12 Mica Bay, CDA Lake, Mica Bay Survey
Common
Merganser\
Jan. 3 Spirit Lake CBC (KBUC), RCRA, BGUN)
Red-breasted
Merganser
Jan. 19 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake, (KBUC,LHAR)
Lesser
Scaup
Jan. 19 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake, (KBUC, LHAR)
Bald
Eagle Jan.
1 Lake Shore Drive and Wolf Lodge Bay (JCAL,KBUC)
Sharp-shinned
Hawk Jan. 1 Ocean Ave, (JCAL)
Cooper's
Hawk
Jan. 2 Atlas Road, (CCAM)
Northern
Goshawk
Jan. 8 Hauser Lake area, (JALL)
Red-tailed
Hawk
Jan. 3 Spirit Lake CBC, (CLAN,KHEN)
Northern
Rough-winged Hawk and
American
Kestrel and
Gray
Partridge
Jan. 25 Rathdrum Prairie, Chapter Field Trip
Ring-necked
Pheasant Jan.1 Ocean Drive, (JCAL)
Ruffed
Grouse and
Wild
Turkey
Jan.1 Armstrong Hill, CDA (KBUC)
California
Quail Jan. 1 Fernan Lake, (SSTU)
Mew
Gull and
Herring
Gull
Jan. 25 CDA City Beach, Chapter Field Trip
Ring-billed
Gull and
Thayer's
Gull Jan. 20 City Beach, Brown Bag Birding
California
Gull
Jan. 1 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake, (KBUC)
Rock
Pigeon
Jan. 3 Spirit Lake CBC , (JCAL,EHIC)
Mourning
Dove
Jan. 1 Fernan Lake, (SSTU)
Great
Horned Owl
Jan. 20 Fairmont Loop Rd, (JSEV,HSEV)
Snowy
Owl
Jan. 22 Rathdrum Prairie, (EHIC)
Northern
Pygmy-Owl
Jan. 3 Hayden Lake (city), (SSTU,TPOT)
Belted
Kingfisher Jan. 5 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake, (CCAM)
California
Quail Jan. 1 Fernan Lake, (SSTU)
Downy
Woodpecker Jan. 3, Spirit Lake CBC, (JCAL,EHIC)
Hairy
Woodpecker Jan. 1 Fernan Lake, (SSTU)
Northern
Shrike Jan. 28 Mica Bay, CDA Lake, Mica Bay Survey
Gray
Jay, Steller's Jay
Jan. 3 Spirit Lake CBC, (CLAN,KHEN)
Steller's
Jay, Blue Jay
Jan. 3 Pine Ave. CDA, (NMER) and Hybrid
Jan. 12
Black-billed
Magpie and
American
Crow
Jan. 3 Spirit Lake CBC, (CLAN,KHEN,JCAL,EHIC)
Common
Raven Jan.
1 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake, (KBUC)
Black-capped,
Mountain,
Chestnut-backed
Chickadee,
Red-breasted and
Pygmy Nuthatch
Jan.
1 Armstrong Hill and Fernan Lake, (KBUC,SSTU)
Winter
Wren and
Golden-crowned
Kinglet
Jan. 3 Spirit Lake CBC, (CLAN,KHEN)
American
Dipper
Jan. 19 Wolf Lodge Creek, (KBUC,LHAR)
Townsend's
Solitaire
Jan. 5 Wolf Lodge Bay, CDA Lake, (CCAM)
American
Robin
Jan. 16 S.E. CDA, (BGUN)
Varied
Thrush Jan. 1 Fernan Lake, (SSTU)
European
Starling Jan. 1 Ocean Ave., (JCAL)
American
Tree Sparrow and
Western
Meadowlark Jan.
25 Rathdrum Prairie, Chapter Field Trip
Song
Sparrow and
Dark-eyed
Junco Jan. 1 Fernan Lake and Ocean Ave.,
(SSTU,JCAL-sparrow)
Snow
Bunting
Jan. 22 Rathdrum Prairie, (EHIC)
Cassin's
Finch
Jan. 29 Armstrong Hill (KBUC)
House
Finch and
Common
Redpoll and
Pine
Siskin
Jan. 1 Armstrong Hill, Fernan Hill, Ocean Ave.,
(KBUC,SSTU-siskin,JCAL-finch)
Evening
Grosbeak
Jan. 29 Armstrong Hill (KBUC)
House
Sparrow Jan. 1 Ocean Ave., (JCAL)
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THE FISH HAWK HERALD